In this review, we discuss the basic biology of the flavivirus replication process and focus on the molecular aspects of viral genome replication. The nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) of the dengue virus interacts with another viral protein called NS4A-2K-4B to enable viral replication, according to a … Dengue virus (DENV) is the etiological agent of dengue fever. Robust dengue infected cell assays are available, highly efficient in terms of characterizing the potency of a drug candidate. aegypti and Aedes albopictus cells. Dengue virus is a small virus that carries a single strand of RNA as its genome. Dengue and Zikavirus). Dengue virus (DENV) is a human arboviral pathogen accounting for 390 million infections every year. Each year, about 50 million infections occur in approximately 100 countries in the tropics and sub -tropics in the world with the potential for further spread. Dengue fever is a viral caused disease that is spread by the bite of mosquito Aedes aegypti. Cellular miRNAs are post-transcriptional regulators that could play a role in direct regulation of viral genes. Zonetti, Dr. Milena C. Coutinho and Dr. Alexandre S. de Araujo is published in Protein & … This book covers various aspects of Molecular Virology. Dengue is the most prevalent mosquito-borne viral disease, endemic in more than a hundred tropical and subtropical countries. The only licensed vaccine, Dengvaxia, has low efficacy against serotypes 1 and 2. It is one of the most prevalent mosquito-borne viruses, infecting globally 390 million individuals per year. Only 2 of 11 cultures from nonimmune infants or children supported viral replication. by Duke University. Virus-host cell interactions; Cell biology of HCV and flavirus replication; Cellular co-factors for HCV and flavivirus (dengue virus, Zika virus)infection. significance of molecular diagnosis of dengue viral infection at early stages. Here we define the dependence of Dengue virus (DENV) on the complex network of Hsp70 chaperones and cochaperones which mediate distinct steps of the virus life cycle. Genetic relationship of the dengue virus serotypes. TITLE ISG15/USP18/STAT2 is a molecular hub regulating autocrine IFN I-mediated control of Dengue and Zika virus replication Constanza Eleonora Espada1, Edroaldo Lummertz da Rocha1, Adara Aurea dos Santos1, Zamira Guerra Soares1, Greicy Malaquias1, Daniel Oliveira Patrício1, Edgar Gonzalez Kozlova1, Paula Fernandes dos Santos1, Juliano Bordignon2, Thomas J. Sanford3, Teodoro … hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS), seriously threaten human health [2,3]. Increasing concentration of α-mangostin inhibited virus replication and reduced inflammatory cytokines expression at 24- and 48-h post infection. Dengue virus (DENV) is the cause of dengue fever.It is a mosquito-borne, single positive-stranded RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae; genus Flavivirus. Dengue viral infections are one of the most important mosquito borne diseases in the world. Currently, dengue virus (DENV) is the most prevalent of all the arboviruses in the world, with more than 128 countries reporting dengue outbreaks, and nearly 4 billion people living in at-risk areas for dengue infection. Dengue virus (DENV) infection is one of the most rapidly spreading arboviral diseases of humans in the world [].It is a major health problem among those dwelling in tropical and subtropical areas, and it is spreading globally, with approximately 129 countries now thought to be DENV-endemic areas [].The incidence of DENV infection continues to increase. They may be asymptomatic or may give rise to undifferentiated fever, dengue fever, dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF), or dengue shock syndrome. Jahan F. Dengue Fever (DF) in Pakistan. Our results support the potential use of α-mangostin as anti-antiviral and anti-inflammatory therapies in the treatment of dengue. Three of these are structural proteins that form the coat of the virus and deliver the RNA to target cells, and seven of them are nonstructural proteins that orchestrate the production of new viruses once the virus gets inside the cell. Clyde K, Kyle JL, Harris E (2006) Recent advances in deciphering viral and host determinants of dengue virus replication and pathogenesis. Virus nucleotide changes will eventually lead to stronger or weaker virus virulence during the long-term process of virus spread. Here, we investigated the role of a member of the Tudor protein family, Tudor-SN, upon dengue virus infection in the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Cellular miRNAs are post-transcriptional regulators that could play a role in direct regulation of viral genes. BLOCK, J., 1985. Free Online Library: Molecular Responses of Human Retinal Cells to Infection with Dengue Virus. Dengue virus is transmitted by mosquitoes and threatens more than half of the world population. Annually, 100 million cases of dengue fever and half a million cases of DHF occur worldwide. Hemorrhage and vascular leakage are two characteristic symptoms of DHF/DSS. Here, we deployed an approach that combines metabolomics with molecular biology in mosquitoes. In the absence of an effective vaccine and therapeutics and with a declining efficacy of insecticide, there is an urgent need to develop novel interventions. The first section brings knowledge on basic aspects of dengue virus replication … Viral gene expression; virus-host interactions; pathogenesis; virus receptors Chapters are balanced by contributions from established investigators, who have dedicated their careers to flavivirus research, with those from newcomers who have recently made significant contributions to the flavivirus field. Once the virus has entered a host cell, the virus penetrates deeper into the cell and remains inside the endosome. Autophagy can be induced by the stresses elicited during pathogen infection, and can be used to clear the cell of intracellular pathogens such as viruses. Book Google Scholar 12. Dengue virus (DENV) is a member of the Flaviviridae family, which include West Nile virus (WNV), yellow fever virus, Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), among others [].Dengue is caused by four antigenically distinct viruses designated as Dengue virus type 1–4 (DENV 1–4) and is transmitted between vertebrate hosts by insect vectors. Background: The mosquito transmitted Dengue virus (DENV) remains a significant public health problem in many tropical and subtropical countries. Dengue virus (DENV) is the leading mosquito-transmitted viral infection in the world. aspects, the morphogenesis of dengue viral replication is described and discussed, aiming to obtain clearer definition of the events involved in the replication. In the absence of an effective vaccine and therapeutics and with a declining efficacy of insecticide, there is an urgent need to develop novel interventions. The polypyrimidine tract-binding protein (PTB) functions primarily as an IRES trans-acting factor in the propagation of hepatitis C virus and picornaviruses. Caister Academic Press; Joseph Ashour, Juliet Morrison, Maudry LaurentRolle, Alan Belicha-Villanueva, Courtney Ray Plumlee, Dabeiba Bernal, Kate Williams, Eva Harris, Ana Fernandez-Sesma, Christian Schindler, and Adolfo García-Sastre. Tudor-SN knockdown reduced dengue virus replication in the midgut of Ae. PMID: 31538308 Here, we deployed an approach that combines metabolomics with molecular biology in mosquitoes. In a general way, the present work describes different aspects related to the molecular biology of the Dengue virus and its life cycle: the structure, composition, production of structural and non structural protein and its relation to the replication cycle of the virus. aegypti females. As shown in the animation, the virus binds to receptors on the host cell’s surface, which triggers the cell into taking in the virus. In this work, we demonstrated that NS4B is an N-glycosylated protein in virus-infected cells as well as in recombinant protein expression. Asia Pacific Family Medicine. This edited book Dengue - Immunopathology and Control Strategies contains eight chapters divided in three sections that underline important aspects of dengue virus, the most prevalent and life-threatening arbovirus in the world, including virus replication cycle and pathology, diagnostic methods, and control. Intact platelets (squares) or platelets subjected to 3 cycles of freeze-thaw at −80°C (circles) (5 × 10 5 /mL) were incubated with DENV2 (5 × 10 6 virus particles/mL) for 1 hour. View Article Google Scholar 36. Dengue virus, Zika virus and tick-borne encephalitis virus. Platelet-dependent replication of the Dengue virus genome. Here, we reverse engineered the T164S mutation of NS1, associated with the severity of dengue epidemics in the Americas, into a Journal of General Virology, 66: 1323-1325. The viral genome is approximately 11 kb in length. Since it was first detected in a human in Nigeria in 1952, ZIKV has generally caused cases of human infections in Africa, Asia, and Oceania only rarely. DENV infection can cause mild dengue fever or severe dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)/dengue shock syndrome (DSS). 8 The mature virion consists of three structural (core, membrane associated, and envelope) and seven non-structural (NS1, NS2a, NS2b, NS3, NS4a, NS4b, and NS5) proteins. outcome of dengue infection is not directly associated with the secondary structure of 3’-UTR of the viral genome. Covered topics are: HIV-1 Reservoirs and Latency, Molecular Evolution of Hepatitis Viruses, Metabolic Aspects of Hepatitis C Virus Infection, Influenza C Virus, Viral Vectors in Neurobiology, Avian and … RIG-I is a key cytosolic sensor of many RNA viruses, including dengue virus (DV), the most significant arboviral pathogen. Dengue virus is transmitted by mosquitoes and threatens more than half of the world population. Upon viral RNA binding, RIG-I signals via the adaptor protein MAVS, located at mitochondria, to induce the expression of interferons (IFNs), & GORMAN, B. M., 1984. 1. Five serotypes of the virus have been found, all of which can cause the full spectrum of disease. 2010;67(16):2773–86. The editor of Molecular Virology and Control of Flaviviruses has assembled an up-to-date and cutting-edge anthology from the leading experts in the flavivirus field. Background. The envelope protein is involved in … The researchers also demonstrated that NS1 is required for the generation of the membranous dengue virus replication organelle in infected cells. This function does not require RNA replication and is independent from NS1's interaction with NS4A-2K-4B. Dengue virus (DENV), is a single stranded positive RNA virus encodes 10,173 nucleotides which are translated to form polyprotein [], belonging to the genus Flavivirus and family Flaviviridae.DENV is arbovirus (arthropod-borne) and the vector responsible for transmission of infection is mosquitoes of Aedes genus, more specifically A. aegypti and A. albopictus []. Flaviviruses are a major group of pathogenic positive-sense RNA viruses including e.g. 2008 Apr;3:155-65. There are now a wide variety of assay systems specific for each virus. Convoluted membranes were absent in dengue virus-infected C6/36 cells. Dengue virus belongs to a single-stranded positive sense RNA virus and lacks of accurate replication correcting system. Dengue Research UnitDengue fever is one of the most common mosquito-borne viral diseases in the world. Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) protein 3A is another example of a viral protein modulating membrane curvature. We are part of the Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences at Queen’s University in Kingston, Canada. Dengue virus (DENV) is the most prevalent arbovirus worldwide, found in over 100 tropical and sub-tropical countries . PTB interacts with secondary structures within the 3′- and 5′-untranslated regions of these viral genomes to mediate efficient IRES-mediated viral translation. All four serotypes of Dengue share the region of NS3 that binds to the escort, as does West Nile virus. Comparison of dengue viruses and some other flaviviruses by cDNA/RNA hybridization analysis and detection of a close relationship between dengue virus serotype 2 and Edge Hill viruses. Dengue virus (DENV) is a mosquito-transmitted single stranded RNA virus belonging to genus Flavivirus. even not possible (eg., HCV), the use of sub-genomic replicons or surrogate viruses has nevertheless allowed drug discovery and design. In immunofluorescence assays, Tudor-SN localized to the nucleolus in both Ae. The division Molecular Virology has a world-leading position in molecular research on hepatitis viruses (HBV, HDV and HCV) and flaviviruses (e.g. There are 4 distinct, but closely related, serotypes of the virus that cause dengue (DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3 and DEN-4) Symptoms Sudden high fever (104-105 degree, 4 to 7 days after the infection) A flat red rash may appear over most of the body 2-5 days after the fever starts. The genome encodes only ten proteins. The DENV genome consists of a positive single-strand RNA molecule of approximately 11 kb that encodes a polyprotein precursor, which is co- … Dengue 2 virus replication in peripheral blood leukocyte cultures from 10 of 13 Asian or Polynesian subjects with actively acquired dengue immunity and two of three infants with passively acquired dengue antibody. 1 An estimated 390 million people are impacted each year by DENV infection, with 96 million shown to be dengue infection. to grow viruses and to elucidate aspects of viral infection and replication in mosquitoes. Nevertheless, scientists' understanding of dengue virus may be simplistic, as rather than distinct antigenic groups, a continuum appears to exist. Although this approach may work … 4 Recent Developments in Therapy and Prevention ... which would block the replication of dengue in the mosquito salivary gland. Many of these cell lines were established by Peleg and Singh in the 1960’s [1,2]. IMPORTANCE: Dengue virus is the most prevalent cause of arthropod-borne infection worldwide. In a general way, the present work describes different aspects related to the molecular biology of the Dengue virus and its life cycle: the structure, composition, production of structural and non structural protein and its relation to the replication cycle of the virus. The available vaccine has limited efficacy, and DENV-specific drugs have not been generated. A series of symptoms caused by DENV, such as dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS), seriously threaten human health [ 2, 3 ]. Dengue virus belongs to a single-stranded positive sense RNA virus and lacks of accurate replication correcting system. We focus on positive-sense RNA viruses, a large group of important human viruses that include hepatitis C virus (HCV), West Nile virus, dengue virus, SARS coronaviruses, norovirus (“stomach flu”) and rhinovirus (the common cold virus). As of January 2021, SARS-CoV-2 has killed over 2 million individuals across the world. ZIKV was first isolated from monkeys in the Zika forest in Uganda in 1947. Consequently, the molecular aspects of dengue virus and infection are currently limited to in vitro models. However, the slow roll-out of vaccines and insufficient global … CAS PubMed … Severe dengue could be fatal and there is currently no effective antiviral agent or vaccine. Appel N, Zayas M, Miller S, Krijnse-Locker J, Schaller T, Friebe P, Kallis S, Engel U, Bartenschlager R., 2008 Essential Role of Domain III of Nonstructural Protein 5A for Hepatitis C Virus Infectious Particle Assembly.PLoS Pathog. During the early stages of infection, FMDV, like other + RNA virus, remodels the ER membrane of its hosts (mammalian cells) to form the viral replication organelle, which provides a platform for viral RNA replication . Molecular aspects of Dengue virus replication Dengue virus (DENV)--a mosquito transmitted pathogen--is the causative agent of Dengue fever, the most important arboviral disease of humans, which affects an estimated 50-100 million people annually. Molecular aspects of Dengue virus replication. Dengue virus (DENV) is the etiological agent of dengue fever. Replication of Dengue Virus Dengue Virus enters host cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis, which involves binding through the interaction between the surface proteins of virion (E) and cellular receptors on the surface of target cell. In a general way, the present work describes different aspects related to the molecular biology of the Dengue virus and its life cycle: the structure, composition, production of structural and non structural protein and its relation to the replication cycle of the virus. Cryoelectron microscopy has been used to study many aspects of the life cycle of the dengue virus. In these structures, a low resolution image of virus, not quite detailed enough to see atoms, is obtained by the electron microscope, and then atomic structures of the individual pieces are fit into the image to generate the final model. Several vaccines, including mRNA, vector-based vaccines, and inactivated vaccines, have been approved for emergency use in various countries. We believe that understanding the biology of dengue virus at the molecular level is an essential step on designing rational antiviral strategies. This special issue is also aimed to discuss all aspects of dengue viral infection including cellular and molecular basis for better knowing of what dengue virus is? Cell Mol Life Sci. Dengue virus belongs to a single-stranded positive sense RNA virus and lacks of accurate replication correcting system. Dr. Kenneth A. Taylor Macromolecular structure determination by 3-D electron microscopy; muscle, cytoskeleton and cell adhesion structure; virus … Dengue virus envelope protein domain I/II hinge determines long-lived serotype-specific dengue immunity. The editor of Molecular Virology and Control of Flaviviruses has assembled an up-to-date and cutting-edge anthology from the leading experts in the flavivirus field. Introduction. However, due to the limited understanding of dengue pathogenesis, no satisfactory therapies to treat … Molecular Aspects of the Dengue Virus Infection Process: A Review Analyzing the three-dimensional structures of the fusion peptide of dengue virus protein E, we observed that the fusion peptide presents a region rich in hydrophobic residues and a "collar" of charged, polar residues. (Viruses like hepatitis C and yellow fever, although related to Dengue, lack this ability.) Defining the role of Host Hsp70 Subnetworks in Dengue Virus Replication Abstract: Viral protein folding and homeostasis depends entirely on the machinery of the host cell. However, it has recently been demonstrated that several viruses, including dengue and Zika virus, benefit from certain aspects of autophagy for replication. Dengue virus (DENV) of the Flaviviridae family is a single positive-stranded RNA virus that is transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. The disease is caused by infection of dengue virus and transmitted to humans by the bites of Aedes mosquito vectors. Molecular aspects of the dengue virus infection process: A review This article by Dr. Luiz F.C. Here, we describe the milestones in a comprehensive review of OROV epidemiology, pathogenesis, and molecular biology, including a description of the first isolation of the virus, the outbreaks during the past six decades, clinical aspects of OROV infection, diagnostic methods, genome and genetic traits, evolution, and viral dispersal. In this regard, the replicon system described here should aid investigation of various aspects of dengue virus life cycle. Viral RNA molecules physically interact with cellular RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) throughout the course of infection; the identification of such interactions will lead to the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of virus replication. Composition and Three-Dimensional Architecture of the Dengue Virus Replication and Assembly Sites - PubMed Positive-strand RNA viruses are known to rearrange cellular membranes to facilitate viral genome replication. (2019) The nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) of the dengue virus interacts with another viral protein called NS4A-2K-4B to enable viral replication, according to a study published May 9 in the open-access journal PLOS Pathogens by Ralf Bartenschlager of the University of Heidelberg, and colleagues. Rodenhuis-Zybert IA, Wilschut J, Smit JM. Virus replication was ascertained by real time PCR, as well as by detection of the non-structural 3 (NS3) protein of DENV2, which revealed virus tropism and replication in neural cells, … Although dengue is an old disease, recent decades have seen an unprecedented increase in the geographic range, incidence, and severity of infection. Severe dengue could be fatal and there is currently no effective antiviral agent or vaccine. Virus nucleotide changes will eventually lead to stronger or weaker virus virulence during the long-term process of virus spread. DOI: The secreted form of the nonstructural protein 1 (sNS1) of dengue virus causes vascular leakage, a hallmark of severe dengue disease. Dengue virus (DENV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus, is the causative agent of dengue fever, currently one of the most significant emerging disease challenges to global public health. CHIKV infection can induce apoptotic cell death via at least two apoptotic pathways: the intrinsic pathway, which has been reported to be involved in virus replication and results in activation of caspase-9, and the extracellular pathway, which is dependent on the induction of cell surface or soluble death effector ligands that activate caspase-8. Dengue virus, which causes the infectious disease dengue fever, is an RNA virus that infects immune system cells. (Research Article, Clinical report) by "Mediators of Inflammation"; Biological sciences Biological response modifiers Health aspects Dengue virus Dengue viruses Endothelium Interferon Over half of the global population is at risk for dengue infection, … The objective of this study was to investigate the use of chloroquine (CLQ) as an antiviral drug against dengue virus in monkeys. The Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the genus Flavivirus. References 1. Molecular Virology and Control of Flaviviruses. The only licensed vaccine, Dengvaxia, has low efficacy against serotypes 1 and 2. J Virol 80: 11418–11431. 2008 Mar 28;4(3) Bartenschlager R, Miller S. Molecular aspects of dengue virus replication; 2008. Mouse STAT2 restricts early dengue virus replication. As such, there is an urgent need for vaccines and therapeutics to reduce the burden of COVID-19. Flavivirus is a genus of positive-strand RNA viruses in the family Flaviviridae.The genus includes the West Nile virus, dengue virus, tick-borne encephalitis virus, yellow fever virus, Zika virus and several other viruses which may cause encephalitis, as well as insect-specific flaviviruses (ISFs) such as cell fusing agent virus (CFAV), Palm Creek virus (PCV), and Parramatta River virus (PaRV). Chapters are balanced by contributions from established investigators, who have dedicated their careers to flavivirus research, with those from newcomers who have recently made significant contributions to the flavivirus field. During virus replication, RNA synthesis is mediated by a dynamic and membrane-bound multi-protein assembly, named the replication complex (RC). Dengue viruses cause severe and sudden human epidemics worldwide. Among a variety of human cell types … 2010. 2011;10(1):1. She has developed a multidisciplinary approach to study the molecular virology, pathogenesis, immunology, epidemiology, diagnostics, clinical aspects and control of dengue, Zika and chikungunya, the most prevalent mosquito-borne viral diseases in humans. Ninety percent of DHF subjects are children less than 15 years of age. The virus is endemic in the tropical and subtropical countries of the world, causing diseases classified according to symptoms and severity (from mild to severe) as dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, and dengue shock syndrome. Dengue virus (DENV) nonstructural protein 4B (NS4B) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane-associated protein, and mutagenesis studies have revealed its significance in viral genome replication. Increasing evidence has suggested that during the infection process cellular lipids play important roles at several stages of the replication cycle. BLOCK, J.; HENCHAL, E. A. With more than 390 million new infections annually, and up to 1 million clinical cases with severe disease manifestations, there continues to be a need to develop new antiviral agents against dengue infection. Nawa M (1998) Effects of bafilomycin A1 on Japanese encephalitis virus in … Proceedings of the National Academy … The clinical spectrum of DV infection ranges from an asymptomatic course to severe complications such as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS), the latter because of severe plasma leakage. Dengue virus (DV) is a positive-strand RNA virus of the Flavivirus genus. Dengue virus life cycle: viral and host factors modulating infectivity. Integrating techniques in electron tomography and molecular virology, we defined an early period in virus-infected mosquito cells during which the formation of a virus-modified membrane structure, the double-membrane vesicle, is proportional to the rate of viral RNA synthesis. The nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) of the dengue virus interacts with another viral protein called NS4A-2K-4B to enable viral replication, according to a … The hepatitis B virus (HBV) chapter focused more on the evolutionary rate and age of this virus, revealing that this virus evolves more rapidly than is commonly believed. The RC is composed of both viral and host-cell proteins that assemble within vesicles composed of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, near the nucleus. Future Microbiol. NS5, the largest viral protein, is a key replication enzyme with both methyltransferase and RNA polymerase activities. Aspects of molecular biology common to flaviviruses are explored in depth. Topics include the evolution and function of flavivirus RNA, flavivirus replication, laboratory diagnosis and vaccine development. Dengue takes low and slow approach to replication. Introduction. Virus Evolution. This study sought to characterize the changes in lipid It is transmitted mainly by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. These cultured cells include one (center) that is infected with a common strain of dengue virus… Dengue virus (DENV) infection is the most common mosquito-transmitted viral infection.
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